Подключаем бесперебойник ИБП (usb) к Alt Linux Альт Рабочая станция

Автор: | 16 ноября, 2023
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Connecting a UPS (USB) to Alt Linux Alt Workstation

Имеем ИБП APC SE Back-UPS CS 350VA (BK350EI).

Для подключения ИБП к USB порту используем дата кабель apc 940-0127e [usb-rj50(10P10C)] для других моделей UPS Communications Cable Simple Signalling USB to RJ45 AP9827

cabel-usb-rj50

Информация о системе

lsb_release -a
cat /etc/*-release*
LSB Version:	n/a
Distributor ID:	ALT
Description:	ALT Workstation 10.1 (Autolycus)
Release:	10.1
Codename:	Autolycus

Устанавливаем утилиту для работы с USB

apt-get upgrade
install usbutils

Смотрим что у нас подключено на USB шине

lsusb
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 051d:0002 American Power Conversion Uninterruptible Power Supply
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0e0f:0002 VMware, Inc. Virtual USB Hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0e0f:0003 VMware, Inc. Virtual Mouse
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
lsusb -D /dev/bus/usb/002/004
Device: ID 051d:0002 American Power Conversion Uninterruptible Power Supply
Device Descriptor:
  bLength                18
  bDescriptorType         1
  bcdUSB               1.10
  bDeviceClass            0 
  bDeviceSubClass         0 
  bDeviceProtocol         0 
  bMaxPacketSize0         8
  idVendor           0x051d American Power Conversion
  idProduct          0x0002 Uninterruptible Power Supply
  bcdDevice            0.06
  iManufacturer           3 American Power Conversion
  iProduct                1 Back-UPS CS 350 FW:807.q5.I USB FW:q5
  iSerial                 2 BB0448012193  
  bNumConfigurations      1
  Configuration Descriptor:
    bLength                 9
    bDescriptorType         2
    wTotalLength       0x0022
    bNumInterfaces          1
    bConfigurationValue     1
    iConfiguration          0 
    bmAttributes         0xe0
      Self Powered
      Remote Wakeup
    MaxPower                0mA
    Interface Descriptor:
      bLength                 9
      bDescriptorType         4
      bInterfaceNumber        0
      bAlternateSetting       0
      bNumEndpoints           1
      bInterfaceClass         3 Human Interface Device
      bInterfaceSubClass      0 
      bInterfaceProtocol      0 
      iInterface              0 
        HID Device Descriptor:
          bLength                 9
          bDescriptorType        33
          bcdHID               1.10
          bCountryCode           33 US
          bNumDescriptors         1
          bDescriptorType        34 Report
          wDescriptorLength    1216
         Report Descriptors: 
           ** UNAVAILABLE **
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x81  EP 1 IN
        bmAttributes            3
          Transfer Type            Interrupt
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0006  1x 6 bytes
        bInterval             100
Device Status:     0x0001
  Self Powered

Для бесперебойников ИБП фирмы APC установим apcupsd

apt-cache search apcupsd
apcupsd - Power management software for APC UPS hardware
gapcmon - графический монитор состояния ИБП для apcupsd
apcupsd-doc - apcupsd documentation
apcupsd-multiups - apcupsd's configuration for monitoring multiple UPSes on one host
hass-core - Home automation platform

apt-get install apcupsd gapcmon

Редактирование файл настроек apcupsd

sudo cp /etc/apcupsd/apcupsd.conf /etc/apcupsd/apcupsd.conf.default
nano /etc/apcupsd/apcupsd.conf
## apcupsd.conf v1.1 ##
UPSCABLE usb
UPSTYPE usb
DEVICE
LOCKFILE /var/lock
UPSCLASS standalone
UPSMODE disable
-----------
echo "ISCONFIGURED=yes" > /etc/default/apcupsd

APC UPS old configuration file found

Включение запуск службы apcupsd

systemctl enable apcupsd.service
systemctl start apcupsd
systemctl status apcupsd

Узнать состояние ИБП можно с помощью программы-клиента apcaccess

find -name apcaccess
./sbin/apcaccess
./usr/sbin/apcaccess
find -name apctest
./sbin/apctest
./usr/sbin/apctest
apcaccess-ups-linux

apcupsd предлагает удобный веб-интерфейс для мониторинга вашего ИБП. Чтобы установить его, откройте терминал и введите

sudo apt install apcupsd apcupsd-cgi apache2
sudo a2enmod cgi
sudo systemctl restart apache2
firefox localhost/cgi-bin/apcupsd/multimon.cgi

Если на Astra Linux apache2 выдаёт ошибку 500 проверить less /var/log/apache2/error.log

Authentication not configured Веб-сервер Apache2 в ОС Astra Linux Special Edition работает только с принудительной аутентификацией. https://wiki.astralinux.ru/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=238749508

nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
AstraMode off

systemctl restart apache2

astra-apache2-multimon.cgi
astra-apache2-upsstats.cgi

Мониторинг состояния ИБП с помощью NUT (Network UPS Tools) networkupstools.org

Установите NUT и зависимости

apt-get install  nut nut-cgi  nut-driver nut-driver-usb nut-server

Определение драйвера для ИБП

nut-scanner
IPMI library not found. IPMI search disabled.
Scanning USB bus.
No start IP, skipping SNMP
No start IP, skipping NUT bus (old connect method)
Scanning NUT bus (avahi method).
[nutdev1]
	driver = "usbhid-ups"
	port = "auto"
	vendorid = "051D"
	productid = "0002"
	bus = "002"

Находим устройство в выводе команды

lsusb
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 051d:0002 American Power Conversion Uninterruptible Power Supply

редактированию конфигурационных файлов.
Начнем с ups.conf. Выполняем в консоли

nano /etc/nut/ups.conf
# APC BK650 is compatible with the usbhid driver
  option driver usbhid-ups
# auto detect USB port
  option port auto

config listen_address
   option ::1

config upsd upsd

Запуск авто-сканирование nut-scanner

nut-scanner 
IPMI library not found. IPMI search disabled.
Scanning USB bus.
No start IP, skipping SNMP
No start IP, skipping NUT bus (old connect method)
Scanning NUT bus (avahi method).
[nutdev1]
	driver = "usbhid-ups"
	port = "auto"
	vendorid = "051D"
	productid = "0002"
	product = "Back-UPS CS 350 FW:807.q5.I USB FW:q5"
	vendor = "American Power Conversion"
	bus = "002"

Настройка — Установим режим standalone, который подразумевает запуск трех компонентов driver, upsd, upsmon.

nano /etc/nut/nut.conf
MODE=standalone

Настройка driver (nut-driver.service) — загружает драйвер, запускается по требованию nut-server.service

nano /lib/systemd/system/nut-driver.service

[Unit]
Description=Network UPS Tools - power device driver controller
After=local-fs.target network.target systemd-udev-settle.service
#Wants=systemd-udev-settle.service         <----- comment strin
StopWhenUnneeded=yes

[Service]
ExecStart=/sbin/upsdrvctl start
ExecStop=/sbin/upsdrvctl stop
Type=forking

Настройка upsd (nut-server.service) — загружает демон, обеспечивающий сетевой интерфейс для взаимодействие с ИБП.

LISTEN 127.0.0.1 3493

Добави ИБП в файл /etc/nut/ups.conf

nano /etc/nut/ups.conf
maxretry = 3
[apc350]
        driver = usbhid-ups
        port = auto
        vendorid = 051d
        productid = 0002
        desc = "APC Back-UPS CS 350"

Перезапускаем upsd

systemctl restart nut-server.service
systemctl status nut-server.service
● nut-server.service - Network UPS Tools - power devices information server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nut-server.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2023-11-17 18:28:32 MSK; 2s ago
   Main PID: 4727 (upsd)
      Tasks: 1 (limit: 4642)
     Memory: 624.0K
        CPU: 11ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/nut-server.service
             └─ 4727 /usr/sbin/upsd -F -u upsd -r /var/lib/nut

ноя 17 18:28:32 alt systemd[1]: Started Network UPS Tools - power devices information server.
ноя 17 18:28:32 alt upsd[4727]: fopen /var/lib/upsd/upsd.pid: No such file or directory
ноя 17 18:28:32 alt upsd[4727]: listening on 127.0.0.1 port 3493
ноя 17 18:28:32 alt upsd[4727]: listening on 127.0.0.1 port 3493
ноя 17 18:28:32 alt upsd[4727]: Connected to UPS [apc350]: usbhid-ups-apc350

Необходимо создать пользователя для upsmon для мониторинга и правления

nano /etc/nut/upsd.users
[upsmon]
        password = 123456789
        upsmon master
[admin]
      password = 987654321
      actions = SET
      instcmds = ALL

Поулчаем данные ИБП

upsc -l
apc350
upsc apc350
battery.charge: 100
battery.charge.low: 10
battery.charge.warning: 50
battery.date: 2023/11/14
battery.mfr.date: 2023/11/14
battery.runtime: 1230
battery.runtime.low: 120
battery.temperature: 29.2
battery.type: PbAc
battery.voltage: 13.7
battery.voltage.nominal: 12.0
device.mfr: American Power Conversion
device.model: Back-UPS CS 350
device.serial: BB0448012193  
device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
driver.parameter.port: auto
driver.parameter.productid: 0002
driver.parameter.synchronous: no
driver.parameter.vendorid: 051d
driver.version: 2.7.4
driver.version.data: APC HID 0.96
driver.version.internal: 0.41
input.sensitivity: low
input.transfer.high: 278
input.transfer.low: 160
input.voltage: 216.0
input.voltage.nominal: 230
output.frequency: 50.0
output.voltage: 230.0
output.voltage.nominal: 230.0
ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.delay.shutdown: 20
ups.delay.start: 30
ups.firmware: 807.q5.I
ups.firmware.aux: q5
ups.load: 52.0
ups.mfr: American Power Conversion
ups.mfr.date: 2004/11/24
ups.model: Back-UPS CS 350
ups.productid: 0002
ups.realpower.nominal: 210
ups.serial: BB0448012193  
ups.status: OL
ups.test.result: No test initiated
ups.timer.reboot: 0
ups.timer.shutdown: -1
ups.timer.start: 0
ups.vendorid: 051d

PowerCom pcm IMPerial IMD-625AP подклчюеие через USB кабель

Powercom Software https://pcm.ru/support/soft/

https://networkupstools.org/docs/man/powercom.html
https://www.linux.org.ru/forum/admin/14350294
https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-hardware-18/trouble-running-network-ups-tools-on-linux-ubuntu-10-10-a-897117/
Astra linux SE 1.7.5.9
Установлен NUT Network UPS Tools 2.7.4-13
Просмотр портов
lsusb
Bus 002 Device 008: ID 0d9f:0002 Powercom Co., Ltd Black Knight PRO / WOW Uninterruptible Power Supply (Cypress HID->COM RS232)

Vendor ID : 0d9f
Device ID : 0002

Теперь меняем права, где цифры — номера шины (Bus) и устройства (Device) из предыдущей команды:
chown root:nut /dev/bus/usb/002/008
ls -la /dev/bus/usb/002/008
ls -la /dev/ttyUSB0
crw-rw—- 1 root dialout 188, 0 ноя 22 23:03 /dev/ttyUSB0
—
просмотр групп пользователя nut
adduser nut dialout
groups nut
nut : nut dialout

Расширенная информация об устройстве usb
lsusb -D /dev/bus/usb/002/008
Device: ID 0d9f:0002 Powercom Co., Ltd Black Knight PRO / WOW Uninterruptible Power Supply (Cypress HID->COM RS232)
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 1.00
bDeviceClass 0
bDeviceSubClass 0
bDeviceProtocol 0
bMaxPacketSize0 8
idVendor 0x0d9f Powercom Co., Ltd
idProduct 0x0002 Black Knight PRO / WOW Uninterruptible Power Supply (Cypress HID->COM RS232)
bcdDevice 0.00
iManufacturer 1 POWERCOM CO., LTD.
iProduct 2 USB to Serial
iSerial 0
bNumConfigurations 1
Configuration Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 2
wTotalLength 0x0029
bNumInterfaces 1
bConfigurationValue 1
iConfiguration 4 Sample HID
bmAttributes 0x80
(Bus Powered)
MaxPower 100mA
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 2
bInterfaceClass 3 Human Interface Device
bInterfaceSubClass 0
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
HID Device Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 33
bcdHID 1.00
bCountryCode 0 Not supported
bNumDescriptors 1
bDescriptorType 34 Report
wDescriptorLength 37
Report Descriptors:
** UNAVAILABLE **
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN
bmAttributes 3
Transfer Type Interrupt
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0008 1x 8 bytes
bInterval 10
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT
bmAttributes 3
Transfer Type Interrupt
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0008 1x 8 bytes
bInterval 10
can’t get debug descriptor: Resource temporarily unavailable
Device Status: 0x0000
(Bus Powered)
———-
dmesg
[19542.451606] usb 2-3: HID->COM RS232 Adapter converter now attached to ttyUSB0
———
Если ИБП подключен к COM порту, то можно посмотреть номера COM портов командой:
————-

Поиск параметров устройства

/lib/nut/powercom -a powercom -u root -DDDDDD -x type=IMP
Запуск авто-сканирование поиск ИБП
nut-scanner
Neon library not found. XML search disabled.
IPMI library not found. IPMI search disabled.
Scanning USB bus.
No start IP, skipping SNMP
No start IP, skipping NUT bus (old connect method)
—-
Файл nano /etc/nut/nut.conf
MODE=standalone
—
Файл Настройка driver
nano /lib/systemd/system/nut-driver.service
[Unit]
Description=Network UPS Tools — power device driver controller
After=local-fs.target network.target systemd-udev-settle.service
#Wants=systemd-udev-settle.service <—— Закомментировать строчку
StopWhenUnneeded=yes

[Service]
ExecStart=/sbin/upsdrvctl start
ExecStop=/sbin/upsdrvctl stop
Type=forking
——-
Настройка upsd
Файл nano /etc/nut/upsd.conf
MAXAGE 25
LISTEN 127.0.0.1 3493 <—— По умолчанию слушает localhost
На всякий случай явно укажу 127.0.0.1
LISTEN 192.168.1.8 3493
——
Настройка драйвера.
файл nano /etc/nut/ups.conf
[powercom]
#driver = usbhid-ups
#driver = blazer_ups
driver = powercom
port = auto
# port = /dev/ttyUSB0
type = IMP
——-
Необходимо создать пользователя для upsmon
файл /etc/nut/upsd.users
[upsmon]
password = 123456789
upsmon master
[admin]
password = 987654321
actions = SET
instcmds = ALL
————
Перезапускаем upsd
systemctl restart nut-server.service
systemctl status nut-server.service
nut-server.service — Network UPS Tools — power devices information server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nut-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-11-22 22:21:30 MSK; 10s ago
Process: 5728 ExecStart=/sbin/upsd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 5729 (upsd)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 4915)
Memory: 464.0K
CPU: 11ms
CGroup: /system.slice/nut-server.service
└─5729 /lib/nut/upsd

ноя 22 22:21:30 astra systemd[1]: Starting Network UPS Tools — power devices information server…
ноя 22 22:21:30 astra upsd[5728]: fopen /run/nut/upsd.pid: No such file or directory
ноя 22 22:21:30 astra upsd[5728]: listening on 127.0.0.1 port 3493
ноя 22 22:21:30 astra upsd[5728]: listening on 127.0.0.1 port 3493
ноя 22 22:21:30 astra upsd[5728]: Can’t connect to UPS [powercom] (powercom-powercom): No such file or directory
ноя 22 22:21:30 astra upsd[5728]: Can’t connect to UPS [powercom] (powercom-powercom): No such file or directory
ноя 22 22:21:30 astra upsd[5729]: Startup successful
ноя 22 22:21:30 astra systemd[1]: Started Network UPS Tools — power devices information server.
——-
файл /etc/nut/ups.conf
[powercom]
port = /dev/ttyUSB0
systemctl status nut-server.service
● nut-server.service — Network UPS Tools — power devices information server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nut-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-11-22 22:29:37 MSK; 2s ago
Process: 5919 ExecStart=/sbin/upsd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 5920 (upsd)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 4915)
Memory: 480.0K
CPU: 8ms
CGroup: /system.slice/nut-server.service
└─5920 /lib/nut/upsd

ноя 22 22:29:37 astra systemd[1]: Starting Network UPS Tools — power devices information server…
ноя 22 22:29:37 astra upsd[5919]: fopen /run/nut/upsd.pid: No such file or directory
ноя 22 22:29:37 astra upsd[5919]: listening on 127.0.0.1 port 3493
ноя 22 22:29:37 astra upsd[5919]: listening on 127.0.0.1 port 3493
ноя 22 22:29:37 astra upsd[5919]: Connected to UPS [powercom]: powercom-powercom
ноя 22 22:29:37 astra upsd[5919]: Connected to UPS [powercom]: powercom-powercom
ноя 22 22:29:37 astra upsd[5920]: Startup successful
ноя 22 22:29:37 astra upsd[5920]: Data for UPS [powercom] is stale — check driver
ноя 22 22:29:37 astra systemd[1]: Started Network UPS Tools — power devices information server.

—
Получить список ИБП
upsc -l
# Получить данные
upsc powercom
Init SSL without certificate database
Error: Driver not connected
——-
upsdrvctl start
Network UPS Tools — UPS driver controller 2.7.4
Network UPS Tools — PowerCom protocol UPS driver 0.17 (2.7.4)
writing error
—-
upsdrvctl start
Network UPS Tools — UPS driver controller 2.7.4
Network UPS Tools — PowerCom protocol UPS driver 0.17 (2.7.4)
Duplicate driver instance detected! Terminating other driver!
writing error
——-
upsdrvctl start
Network UPS Tools — UPS driver controller 2.7.4
Network UPS Tools — Generic HID driver 0.41 (2.7.4)
USB communication driver 0.33
This Powercom device (0d9f/0002) is not supported by usbhid-ups.
Please use the ‘powercom’ driver instead.

No matching HID UPS found
Driver failed to start (exit status=1)
Network UPS Tools — Generic HID driver 0.41 (2.7.4)
USB communication driver 0.33
This Powercom device (0d9f/0002) is not supported by usbhid-ups.
Please use the ‘powercom’ driver instead.

No matching HID UPS found
Driver failed to start (exit status=1)
Network UPS Tools — Generic HID driver 0.41 (2.7.4)
USB communication driver 0.33
This Powercom device (0d9f/0002) is not supported by usbhid-ups.
Please use the ‘powercom’ driver instead.

No matching HID UPS found
Driver failed to start (exit status=1)

——-

Подобрав настройки файла nano /etc/nut/ups.conf

systemctl restart nut-server.service
systemctl status nut-server.service

Теперь можем получить данные о состоянии ИБП командой:
upsc powercom
upsc powercom@localhost
Error: Connection failure: Connection refused
root@astra:~# upsdrvctl stop
Network UPS Tools — UPS driver controller 2.7.4
root@astra:~# systemctl restart nut-server.service
root@astra:~# upsc powercom
Init SSL without certificate database
battery.charge: 84.0
device.mfr: PowerCom
device.model: IMP-625AP
device.serial: Unknown
device.type: ups
driver.name: powercom
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
driver.parameter.port: /dev/ttyUSB0
driver.parameter.synchronous: no
driver.parameter.type: IMP
driver.version: 2.7.4
driver.version.internal: 0.17
input.frequency: 50.00
input.voltage: 210.0
input.voltage.nominal: 220
output.frequency: 50.00
output.voltage: 210.0
ups.load: 3.0
ups.mfr: PowerCom
ups.model: IMP-625AP
ups.model.type: IMP
ups.serial: Unknown
ups.status: OL
—-
просмотр открытх сетевых портов
ss -tulpn | grep 3493
tcp LISTEN 0 16 127.0.0.1:3493 0.0.0.0:* users:((«upsd»,pid=4766,fd=5))
tcp LISTEN 0 16 192.168.1.8:3493 0.0.0.0:* users:((«upsd»,pid=4766,fd=4))
—
Настройка службы мониторинга в Windows
WinNUT-Client https://github.com/gawindx/WinNUT-Client
Настройки: указываем адрес и порт сервера, имя драйвера, логин и пароль.

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